This page provides a simplified overview of ERC-4337, aiming to help developers grasp the basic concepts of its different components and their integration for application development.ERC-4337 consists of four main components: UserOperations, Bundlers, EntryPoint, and Contract Accounts. Paymasters and Aggregators can also complement these components.Components of ERC-4337:UserOperations: These are pseudo-transaction objects generated by your application, facilitating the execution of transactions with contract accounts.Bundlers: These are actors responsible for gathering UserOperations from a mempool and transmitting them to the EntryPoint contract on the blockchain.EntryPoint: This is a singleton smart contract that handles the verification and execution logic for transactions.Contract Accounts: These are smart contract accounts owned by users.Paymasters: These optional smart contract accounts can sponsor transactions for Contract Accounts.Aggregators: These optional smart contracts can validate signatures for multiple Contract Accounts.
{"docsConfig":{"$schema":"https://mintlify.com/docs.json","theme":"mint","name":"Etherspot Developer Documentation","colors":{"primary":"#3C3761","light":"#4b4579","dark":"#3C3761"},"favicon":"/favicon.png","logo":{"light":"https://mintcdn.com/etherspot/H2UQS5QvokClTYDR/logo/light.png?fit=max\u0026auto=format\u0026n=H2UQS5QvokClTYDR\u0026q=85\u0026s=7d9a2f3cd691d20dd659816d80abae90","dark":"https://mintcdn.com/etherspot/H2UQS5QvokClTYDR/logo/dark.png?fit=max\u0026auto=format\u0026n=H2UQS5QvokClTYDR\u0026q=85\u0026s=b5a86b0e1d031726a106d726503b9fd9"},"appearance":{"default":"dark","strict":false},"background":{"image":"https://mintlify.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/etherspot/background.png","decoration":null},"navbar":{"links":[{"label":"V1 Docs","href":"https://v1.etherspot.io/"}],"primary":{"type":"button","label":"Etherspot","href":"https://etherspot.io"}},"footer":{"socials":{"twitter":"https://twitter.com/etherspot","github":"https://github.com/etherspot","discord":"https://discord.etherspot.io","linkedin":"https://www.linkedin.com/company/etherspotsdk"}},"navigation":{"global":{"anchors":[{"anchor":"GitHub","href":"https://github.com/etherspot","icon":"github"},{"anchor":"Discord","href":"https://discord.etherspot.io","icon":"discord"},{"anchor":"System Status","href":"https://status.etherspot.io/","icon":"check"}]},"pages":[]}},"deployment":{"deploymentMetadataValue":{"subdomain":"etherspot","hasAudioNarration":false,"actualSubdomain":"etherspot","customDomains":["etherspot.fyi"],"gitSource":{"type":"github","owner":"etherspot","repo":"prime-docs","deployBranch":"main","contentDirectory":"","isPrivate":true,"mountPath":"","label":""},"chroma":{"liveDeploymentHistoryId":"6a21e60803d4026a3ef7647d","collectionId":"bc235dbd-9ba7-4c2d-9fa4-151b03af9884","schemaVersion":"v2"},"entitlements":{},"buildId":"6a21e60803d4026a3ef7647d:success","clientVersion":"0.0.3966","searchFilterCounts":[{"language":"default","tag":"Prime SDK","count":73},{"language":"default","tag":"API Endpoints","count":38},{"language":"default","tag":"Modular SDK","count":37},{"language":"default","tag":"Arka","count":35},{"language":"default","tag":"Arka Paymaster","count":35},{"language":"default","tag":"Arka (Paymaster) API calls","count":30},{"language":"default","tag":"Arka API calls","count":30},{"language":"default","tag":"Prime SDK examples","count":23},{"language":"default","tag":"TransactionKit","count":17},{"language":"default","tag":"Transaction Kit","count":17}]},"assistantConfig":{},"hasChatPermissions":false,"hasWebMcpPermissions":false,"toggles":[{"name":"kill-isr","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"agent-mintlify-slack","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"editor-v7-file-tree","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"agent-integrations-settings","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"automations-pr-grouping","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"custom-prefix","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"analytics-v7","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"user-flows-analytics","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"no-publish-flow","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"workos-onboarding","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"llms-txt-v2","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"pause-universal-search-reconcile","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"snapshot-serving-live","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"stripTemperatureMiddleware","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"per-site-search-delta","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"support-platform-pylon-zendesk","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"snapshot-serving","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"instant-rollback","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"granular-notifications-server","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"granular-notifications","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"editor-private-page-search","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"automations-fable","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"fixed-ai-action-pricing","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"automation-resolve-merge-conflict","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"scoped-publishing","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"mintql","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"page-level-analytics","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"editor-version-history-v2","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"editor-nav-generations","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"billing-page-v2","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"workspace-projects","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"assistant-v5","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"byok-sep-25","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"fork-pr-previews","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"revalidation-jwt","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"vite-origin","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"editor-agent-model-picker","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"billing-updated-9-15","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"hobby-abuse-scan","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false},{"name":"dashboard-inbox","enabled":true,"variant":{"name":"disabled","enabled":false,"feature_enabled":true},"impressionData":false}],"isAtlas":false,"googleFontsInlined":false},"customCss":[],"page":{"pagePath":"account-abstraction/erc4337","slug":"/account-abstraction/erc4337","pageMetadata":{"title":"ERC4337","icon":"square-4","description":null,"href":"/account-abstraction/erc4337","hidden":false},"pageType":"default","mdx":{"mdxSource":{"compiledSource":"\"use strict\";const{Fragment:_Fragment,jsx:_jsx,jsxs:_jsxs}=arguments[0];const{useMDXComponents:_provideComponents}=arguments[0];function _createMdxContent(props){const _components={p:`p`,strong:`strong`,..._provideComponents(),...props.components},{Heading}=_components;if(!Heading)_missingMdxReference(`Heading`,true);return _jsxs(_Fragment,{children:[_jsx(Heading,{level:`2`,id:`overview`,children:`Overview`}),`\n`,_jsx(_components.p,{children:`This page provides a simplified overview of ERC-4337, aiming to help developers grasp the basic concepts of its different components and their integration for application development.`}),`\n`,_jsx(_components.p,{children:`ERC-4337 consists of four main components: UserOperations, Bundlers, EntryPoint, and Contract Accounts. Paymasters and Aggregators can also complement these components.`}),`\n`,_jsx(_components.p,{children:`Components of ERC-4337:`}),`\n`,_jsxs(_components.p,{children:[_jsx(_components.strong,{children:`UserOperations`}),`: These are pseudo-transaction objects generated by your application, facilitating the execution of transactions with contract accounts.`]}),`\n`,_jsxs(_components.p,{children:[_jsx(_components.strong,{children:`Bundlers`}),`: These are actors responsible for gathering UserOperations from a mempool and transmitting them to the EntryPoint contract on the blockchain.`]}),`\n`,_jsxs(_components.p,{children:[_jsx(_components.strong,{children:`EntryPoint`}),`: This is a singleton smart contract that handles the verification and execution logic for transactions.`]}),`\n`,_jsxs(_components.p,{children:[_jsx(_components.strong,{children:`Contract Accounts`}),`: These are smart contract accounts owned by users.`]}),`\n`,_jsxs(_components.p,{children:[_jsx(_components.strong,{children:`Paymasters`}),`: These optional smart contract accounts can sponsor transactions for Contract Accounts.`]}),`\n`,_jsxs(_components.p,{children:[_jsx(_components.strong,{children:`Aggregators`}),`: These optional smart contracts can validate signatures for multiple Contract Accounts.`]})]})}function MDXContent(props={}){const{wrapper:MDXLayout}={..._provideComponents(),...props.components};return MDXLayout?_jsx(MDXLayout,{...props,children:_jsx(_createMdxContent,{...props})}):_createMdxContent(props)}return{default:MDXContent};function _missingMdxReference(id,component){throw new Error(`Expected `+(component?`component`:`object`)+\" `\"+id+\"` to be defined: you likely forgot to import, pass, or provide it.\")}","frontmatter":{},"scope":{"config":{},"pageMetadata":{"title":"ERC4337","icon":"square-4","description":null,"href":"/account-abstraction/erc4337","hidden":false}}},"mdxSourceWithNoJs":null},"mdxExtracts":{"tableOfContents":[{"title":"Overview","slug":"overview","depth":2,"children":[]}],"codeExamples":{}},"jsLinks":[],"subdomain":"etherspot","siteName":"Etherspot Developer Documentation","title":"ERC4337 - Etherspot Developer Documentation","navMaps":{"firstHrefInVersion":{},"firstHrefInLanguage":{}},"lastModified":"2026-01-06T12:59:38.456Z","originalFileLocation":"account-abstraction/erc4337.mdx"},"headHtml":"\u003cscript data-mint-head>(function(){var d=document.documentElement,p=null;if(!p){try{p=localStorage.getItem(\"isDarkMode\")}catch(e){}if(p==='true')p='dark';else if(p==='false')p='light';if(p!=='light'\u0026\u0026p!=='dark'\u0026\u0026p!=='system')p=\"dark\"}var r=p==='system'?(matchMedia(\"(prefers-color-scheme: dark)\").matches?'dark':'light'):p;d.classList.remove(r==='dark'?'light':'dark');d.classList.add(r);d.setAttribute(\"data-theme-preference\",p)})();\u003c/script>\u003cmeta data-mint-head name=\"application-name\" content=\"Etherspot Developer Documentation\">\u003cmeta data-mint-head name=\"generator\" content=\"Mintlify\">\u003clink data-mint-head rel=\"icon\" type=\"image/png\" sizes=\"192x192\" href=\"/mintlify-assets/_mintlify/favicons/etherspot/ZWnIjRvZNxvLlDpp/_generated/favicon/android-chrome-192x192.png\" media=\"(prefers-color-scheme: light)\">\u003clink data-mint-head rel=\"apple-touch-icon\" type=\"image/png\" sizes=\"180x180\" href=\"/mintlify-assets/_mintlify/favicons/etherspot/ZWnIjRvZNxvLlDpp/_generated/favicon/apple-touch-icon.png\">\u003clink data-mint-head rel=\"icon\" type=\"image/png\" sizes=\"16x16\" href=\"/mintlify-assets/_mintlify/favicons/etherspot/ZWnIjRvZNxvLlDpp/_generated/favicon/favicon-16x16.png\" media=\"(prefers-color-scheme: light)\">\u003clink data-mint-head rel=\"icon\" type=\"image/png\" sizes=\"32x32\" href=\"/mintlify-assets/_mintlify/favicons/etherspot/ZWnIjRvZNxvLlDpp/_generated/favicon/favicon-32x32.png\" media=\"(prefers-color-scheme: light)\">\u003clink data-mint-head rel=\"shortcut icon\" type=\"image/x-icon\" href=\"/mintlify-assets/_mintlify/favicons/etherspot/ZWnIjRvZNxvLlDpp/_generated/favicon/favicon.ico\" media=\"(prefers-color-scheme: light)\">\u003clink data-mint-head rel=\"icon\" type=\"image/png\" sizes=\"192x192\" href=\"/mintlify-assets/_mintlify/favicons/etherspot/ZWnIjRvZNxvLlDpp/_generated/favicon-dark/android-chrome-192x192.png\" media=\"(prefers-color-scheme: dark)\">\u003clink data-mint-head rel=\"icon\" type=\"image/png\" sizes=\"16x16\" href=\"/mintlify-assets/_mintlify/favicons/etherspot/ZWnIjRvZNxvLlDpp/_generated/favicon-dark/favicon-16x16.png\" media=\"(prefers-color-scheme: dark)\">\u003clink data-mint-head rel=\"icon\" type=\"image/png\" sizes=\"32x32\" href=\"/mintlify-assets/_mintlify/favicons/etherspot/ZWnIjRvZNxvLlDpp/_generated/favicon-dark/favicon-32x32.png\" media=\"(prefers-color-scheme: dark)\">\u003clink data-mint-head rel=\"shortcut icon\" type=\"image/x-icon\" href=\"/mintlify-assets/_mintlify/favicons/etherspot/ZWnIjRvZNxvLlDpp/_generated/favicon-dark/favicon.ico\" media=\"(prefers-color-scheme: dark)\">\u003cmeta data-mint-head property=\"og:title\" content=\"ERC4337 - Etherspot Developer Documentation\">\u003cmeta data-mint-head property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Etherspot Developer Documentation\">\u003cmeta data-mint-head property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://etherspot.fyi/account-abstraction/erc4337\">\u003cmeta data-mint-head property=\"og:type\" content=\"website\">\u003cmeta data-mint-head property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://etherspot.mintlify.app/_mintlify/api/og/v2?division=Account+Abstraction\u0026amp;title=ERC4337\u0026amp;theme=e300f97d39ba5eae24c63402\u0026amp;signature=5cb80db10b9d7018da537d656a16fad733ef6a22b09b2ea702a210afbe05c7ef\">\u003cmeta data-mint-head property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\">\u003cmeta data-mint-head property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"630\">\u003cmeta data-mint-head name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\">\u003cmeta data-mint-head name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"ERC4337 - Etherspot Developer Documentation\">\u003cmeta data-mint-head name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https://etherspot.mintlify.app/_mintlify/api/og/v2?division=Account+Abstraction\u0026amp;title=ERC4337\u0026amp;theme=e300f97d39ba5eae24c63402\u0026amp;signature=5cb80db10b9d7018da537d656a16fad733ef6a22b09b2ea702a210afbe05c7ef\">\u003cmeta data-mint-head name=\"twitter:image:width\" content=\"1200\">\u003cmeta data-mint-head name=\"twitter:image:height\" content=\"630\">\u003cmeta data-mint-head name=\"msapplication-config\" content=\"/mintlify-assets/_mintlify/favicons/etherspot/ZWnIjRvZNxvLlDpp/_generated/favicon/browserconfig.xml\">\u003cmeta data-mint-head name=\"apple-mobile-web-app-title\" content=\"Etherspot Developer Documentation\">\u003cmeta data-mint-head name=\"msapplication-TileColor\" content=\"#3C3761\">\u003clink data-mint-head rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://etherspot.fyi/account-abstraction/erc4337\">\u003clink data-mint-head rel=\"alternate\" type=\"application/xml\" href=\"/sitemap.xml\">\u003clink data-mint-head rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\" href=\"/account-abstraction/erc4337.md\">\u003cscript data-mint-head type=\"application/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https://etherspot.fyi/#organization\",\"name\":\"Etherspot Developer Documentation\",\"url\":\"https://etherspot.fyi\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https://mintcdn.com/etherspot/H2UQS5QvokClTYDR/logo/light.png?fit=max\u0026auto=format\u0026n=H2UQS5QvokClTYDR\u0026q=85\u0026s=7d9a2f3cd691d20dd659816d80abae90\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https://etherspot.fyi#website\",\"name\":\"Etherspot Developer Documentation\",\"url\":\"https://etherspot.fyi\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https://etherspot.fyi/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https://etherspot.fyi/account-abstraction/erc4337#webpage\",\"url\":\"https://etherspot.fyi/account-abstraction/erc4337\",\"name\":\"ERC4337\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-01-06T12:59:38.456Z\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://etherspot.fyi#website\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https://etherspot.fyi/account-abstraction/erc4337#breadcrumb\"}},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https://etherspot.fyi/account-abstraction/erc4337#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Account Abstraction\",\"item\":\"https://etherspot.fyi/account-abstraction/accountabstraction\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"ERC4337\",\"item\":\"https://etherspot.fyi/account-abstraction/erc4337\"}]},{\"@type\":[\"Article\",\"TechArticle\"],\"@id\":\"https://etherspot.fyi/account-abstraction/erc4337#article\",\"headline\":\"ERC4337\",\"name\":\"ERC4337\",\"url\":\"https://etherspot.fyi/account-abstraction/erc4337\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https://etherspot.fyi/account-abstraction/erc4337#webpage\"},\"dateModified\":\"2026-01-06T12:59:38.456Z\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https://etherspot.fyi/#organization\"},\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://etherspot.fyi#website\"}}]}\u003c/script>\u003cscript data-mint-head type=\"application/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"name\":\"Etherspot Developer Documentation\",\"creator\":{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"name\":\"Mintlify\",\"url\":\"https://mintlify.com\"}}\u003c/script>","siteName":"Etherspot Developer Documentation","nav":{"global":{"anchors":[{"anchor":"GitHub","href":"https://github.com/etherspot","icon":"github"},{"anchor":"Discord","href":"https://discord.etherspot.io","icon":"discord"},{"anchor":"System Status","href":"https://status.etherspot.io/","icon":"check"}]},"tabs":[{"tab":"Home","groups":[{"group":"Introduction","pages":[{"icon":"award","title":null,"href":"/introduction"},{"title":"Quick Start","icon":"hammer","href":"/quick-start"}]},{"group":"Account Abstraction","pages":[{"title":"Account Abstraction","icon":"object-subtract","href":"/account-abstraction/accountabstraction"},{"title":"Smart Contract Wallets","description":"Explaining accounts on Ethereum","icon":"piggy-bank","href":"/account-abstraction/eoa-vs-scw"},{"title":"ERC4337","icon":"square-4","href":"/account-abstraction/erc4337"},{"title":"UserOperations","icon":"user-cowboy","description":null,"href":"/account-abstraction/userops"},{"title":"Entrypoints","icon":"person-through-window","href":"/account-abstraction/entrypoints"}]},{"group":"Security","pages":[{"title":"Audits","icon":"badge-check","href":"/audits/audits"}]},{"group":"Developer Dashboard","pages":[{"title":"API Key Security Settings","icon":"lock","href":"/developer-dashboard/security-settings"},{"title":"API Credits","icon":"money-bill","href":"/api-credits/pricing"},{"title":"RPC Playground","icon":"play","href":"/developer-dashboard/rpc-playground"}]}]},{"tab":"Prime SDK","pages":[{"title":"Prime SDK","href":"/prime-sdk/intro"}]},{"tab":"Modular SDK","pages":[{"title":"Modular SDK","href":"/modular-sdk/intro"}]},{"tab":"RemoteSigner SDK","pages":[{"title":"RemoteSigner SDK","href":"/remote-signer-sdk/intro"}]},{"tab":"Skandha","pages":[{"title":"Skandha","href":"/skandha/intro"}]},{"tab":"Arka","pages":[{"title":"Arka","href":"/arka/intro"}]},{"tab":"TransactionKit","pages":[{"title":"TransactionKit","href":"/transaction-kit/intro"}]},{"tab":"API Endpoints","pages":[{"title":"API Endpoints","href":"/api-endpoints/arka/api-calls/get-erc20-token-quotes"}]}]},"title":"ERC4337 - Etherspot Developer Documentation","buildId":"dpl_cadrRc5H9XQiJQbDFN5mcYRs2PAj","deploymentId":"dpl_cadrRc5H9XQiJQbDFN5mcYRs2PAj","dynamics":[],"chunks":[]}